What programming concept encapsulates everything necessary to execute one aspect of functionality?

The concept that encapsulates everything necessary to execute one aspect of functionality is modular programming. This approach emphasizes the separation of a program into distinct sections, known as modules, each of which handles a specific part of the functionality. Each module is designed to be self-contained and can be developed, tested, and maintained independently of others. This encapsulation of functionality promotes better organization, easier debugging, and facilitates collaboration among different developers or teams, as they can work on individual modules without interfering with others.

Modular programming also enhances code reusability since the same module can be utilized in different programs or parts of the same program without modification. This is particularly valuable in larger systems where functionality can be complex and intertwined. By breaking the system down into smaller, manageable pieces, developers can focus on individual aspects, leading to improved clarity and maintainability of the codebase.

The other programming concepts mentioned relate to different principles and methodologies. Object-oriented programming focuses on the use of objects and classes to encapsulate data and behavior, while functional programming emphasizes the evaluation of functions and expressions, and procedural programming centers around procedures or routines. Although these can share some similarities, they do not specifically emphasize the modular encapsulation of functionality like modular programming does.